a city of Morocco, located on the Atlantic coast. It is the capital of the Doukkala-Abda and prefecture of the province. Its port is one of the largest in the country, the city is also home since the 1960s, a major industrial complex phosphate processing. Safi had 887 745 inhabitants in 2004 census History [edit] There is little written on the birth of Safi, the tip Oussadion, Phoenician counter - whether to believe the geographer Ptolemy - probably later frequented by the Romans, it appears in the Arabic texts under the name Asfi, from the eleventh century, then a small port of local interest.
Safi (Hadirat al Mouhit) or City of the surrounding sea, in the words of Ibn Khaldun, assured, as a port of the capital of Marrakech Almohad Empire in the twelfth century, a direct relationship with Andalusia and presented itself as a highly urbanized area, provided particularly important fortifications and a large central mosque. The latter was attached to many institutions. Under the Almohad
at the end of the twelfth century, Abi Mohammed Salih, patron saint of the city since founded a fortified convent ribat or in a suburb adjoining the city of Tasaffyn (Al-Safi), including the religious achieved a wide reputation
It establishes, in effect, two religious orders, the first of its kind held in Morocco, a mystical path or tariqa and Tafa Houjjaj the remarkable organization of the pilgrimage to Mecca, through a vast network of shelters (Sijilmassa, Tlemcen, Candle, Barqa, Alexandria ,...), at a time when this obligation was suspended due to insecurity.
Consisting of two urban entities, the city grows, the fourteenth century, a madrasa built by Abul Hassan Al Marini, a bimaristan (hospital) and many other institutions, a qaysaria a Mohtasseb, as and when required as Safi up exchanges of importance Trade with Genoa, Seville, Marseille, etc..
At the end of the fifteenth century, Portuguese pressure increases, and leads to the occupation of the city that lasted from 1488 until its takeover by Saadi, in 1541. TZAFFIN the Portuguese was the main fortified place for the control of the coastal region, extending to Marrakech.
again connected to the Saadi in Marrakech, Safi remains one of the largest ports of the Kingdom until the creation of Essaouira, in the second half of the seventeenth century. He remains head of foreign consulates and participate during the nineteenth century, Morocco's trade openness on foreign powers.
As in Tangier, the Jewish community is important and is not installed in a Jewish quarter. The existence of cults mixed Jewish-Muslim, such as that delivered to the mid-twentieth century to Oulad Zmirro, the seven holy Jews buried in Safi, reflects the agreement that has prevailed for several centuries between the two communities Opening on Europe: In the fifteenth century, Safi open trade Europe. The Portuguese even appreciate its natural harbor, so they take it by force in 1488, by a combined operation (by land and sea) rise from their base of Mogador (Essaouira). Around the city, they build a wall and built a fortress on the sea But this work does not last long because in 1541, the Portuguese, who just lost the city of Agadir, Safi evacuate voluntarily.
This does not interrupt trade with Europe is intensifying the contrary. The French have their share.
the seventeenth century, the consul of France and his residence in Safi is in its walls that the commander of Rasilly sign on behalf of Louis XIII several commercial treaties between France and the Empire Cherifian. But in the nineteenth century, the full decline.
The turn of the twentieth century: The revival is first come from the industrial fishing: sardine is the specialty of Safi since the development of the cannery opened its fishermen a huge market. Then the ore and phosphates Jbilet Youssoufia (80 km north-east of Safi) invaded the docks, causing the expansion and modernization of the port.
Finally, it is Safi the country took its first big step in the industry by building a large chemical complex (1972) a few kilometers south of city. From 1920, the port of Safi is the subject of progressive extensions, thanks to increased export of phosphates. But it was during the Second World War, the fleet has grown significantly related to the development of canned food, which will Safi, in the early 1950s, the first sardine port in the world for fishing and the cannery. Safi is also famous for its pottery business, attested from the twelfth century. This event was a new intensity in the nineteenth century, and a gradual rebirth, thanks to the creation, by 1920, a school of ceramics and a pilot workshop with Master Lamali, who helped to renew and continue this activity on the Hill Potters.
Safi is also known for his role in the resistance and the struggle for independence from Morocco. Three personalities Safi signed the Manifesto of Independence, including Haj Mohamed Bouamrane. Bouamrane, who received instruction from al Qarawiyyin, was responsible for resistance in Casablanca and Safi and had a central role in the resistance and the creation of the Istiqlal party.
Monuments Safi: Minaret Almohad castle sea: it is a Portuguese fort dating from the sixteenth century. It has the distinction of being built practically on the water. Cathedral Portuguese first Gothic building in Africa Dar Asultane: former residence of the Alawi sultans, she also served as protection for the city because of its position and now it has been transformed into a museum (National Museum of Ceramics) roof system offers a nice view over the city. Tagine: a large tagine planted in the city center. It is the largest in the world! the mausoleum of sepy brothers benzmiro (synagogue) The Citadel Palace Hamiddouch Ben Aissa if Caid Ben Omar, dating from the nineteenth century (Dar Si Aissa) Agouza Fortress to Fortress Souiria Lakdima Ha'ir
Population: the province of Safi is composed of two major Arab tribes, namely:
Abda: the name of his ancestor or Kais Abdel Abdel-Qais, installed in the twelfth century Almohad times, in the plain known previously as the Doukkala Al Hamra, from Tunisia but from the north of the Arabian Peninsula. This tribe has given birth to three main fractions are: Bhatra Rabiaa. Ahmar: Arab tribe of Yemeni origin and more generally the southern Arabian peninsula known as the Himyar installed in Morocco from Algeria. Safi had a large Jewish community who emigrated to France, Canada and Israel and who at the time represented more than 20 percent of the population.
Industry: There are two major industrial units in Safi:
A unit of the Office Shereefian phosphate (OCP), which is a national company in charge of the whole chain phosphate / fertilizer. It is the second largest producer of phosphate in the world, just after the American IMC Agrico Co. (Freeport McMoRan group). Mining is carried on three main sites: Khouribga, and Gantour Boucraâ, who delivered in 2000 respectively 14.1 Mt, 5.2 Mt and 2.2 Mt of phosphate ore merchant. Processing centers of phosphate in phosphoric acid (2.7 Mt in 2000) are located in the industrial coastal Jorf Lasfar and Safi and those developing fertilizer (2.4 Mt) are in all chemical Safi and Jorf Lasfar. The OCP is by far the largest exporter of crude phosphates and phosphoric acid and one of the largest international suppliers of fertilizers such as triple superphosphate (TSP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP). The Cement Factory of Morocco in the province of Safi:
Safi factory was commissioned in 1993 and is located 35 km north of the city of Safi. The factory is equipped with a kiln dry process kiln with Polysius with a diameter of 4.2 m and a length of 62 m, with a five-storey tower with a miniature Preca. The main workshops are: - Crushing: HAZMAG hammer .- pre-homogenization: pre-homogenization and circular grinding BEDESCHI .- Cru: roller mill vertical line PFEIFER .- Cooking POLYSIUS .- Cement grinding: FCB ball mill.
Sports: Safi is a city of surfing, recognized by top surfers. It offers sports enthusiasts one of the best lines of Africa, engulfing more than 100 m. Windsurfing is also honored.
Despite the modest sports facilities in the city, it has a sports club: Olympique Safi playing in Division 1 football. The SCO is also a great rugby team. The city is also a bastion of athletics. In effect three Safiots are now veterans of the discipline. Pigeon racing has its share too, there are three associations in the city pigeon namely: Al Fath, Assalam and Kors. This is because Safi is a city of quitters of pigeons to the Canary Islands.
Safi is becoming the destination of boating center of Morocco and at the same time the nearest beach of Marrakesh.
Main neighborhoods: The ABC Azib Derai Achbar Bled Eljed Bahia Byar Biyada Chenguit City Aviation (Matar) Darb Darb Lfarrane Moulay Hassan Anass Driba Lamziwka Hay Hay Hay El Bouwab Essaada Hrayat Albayda Matar Al Jawhara Jerifat Jnane El Mestari Jnane Chkouri Jnane Column 1 and 2 Jnane Illan Kawka Koudia al Baida Corsican Lala Hnia Hamria M'dina K'dima (formerly Medina) Mouna Ourida 1 and A 2 Plateau Rhat Rih Saaida 1 and 2 2 Safi Sidi Abdelkrim Sania Sidi Bouzid Swinia Tajziat Zitoune Trab Assini Wad El Bacha Zawiyat Wassel Hay Sidi ech Cham essalam KARYATIT
source: http://fr .wikipedia.org / wiki / Safi
0 comments:
Post a Comment