(al-Baida addar in classical Arabic - Dar Beida in Moroccan Arabic dialect - literally " White House ") is the largest city in Morocco. Economic capital, is located on the Atlantic coast about 80 km south of the country's capital, Rabat. This is the first city and town in the country in terms of population. Its inhabitants call the Bédaouis in Arabic, and Casablanca in French.
Region:
With over five million inhabitants, of which only less than 150,000 rural people, the Greater Casablanca, which includes eight prefectures (Casablanca-Anfa, Ain Sebaa Hay Mohammadi Aïn Chok-Hay Hassani, Ben-Msik Sidi Othman Al-Fida Derb Sultan Al-Mechouar Casablanca Sidi Bernoussi-Zenata and Mohammedia) is an urban center for excellence. Economic activity in the region is dominated by the tertiary sector (54.6% of jobs) followed by secondary (40.5%). Nearly a third of the population of this region (30%) are younger than 15 years. For the age group 15-59 years, 63.5% are of working age, while the third age (60 years) representing 6.5% of the population.
Etymology: The name of Casablanca
owes its name to the fact that, once the Portuguese sailors who skirted this location, identified by a small white house perched on the hill of Anfa, "La Casa Branca". Leading to another and with local idioms, it finally gave Casablanca, or "Dar El Beida" in Arabic.
ancient Anfa:
site Casablanca current was inhabited by humans during the Paleolithic era. The origins of the city are not exactly known but it seems that the city of Anfa once stood in the same place now.
Archaeological discoveries at Sidi Abderrahman (exit south of Casablanca) attest to a settlement of the site since prehistoric times. It seems ANF was occupied by Berber fishermen since ancient times, when the place is a stopover for Phoenician ships on their way to the islands off the coast of Essaouira Purpuraires. Middle Age Anfa part of the kingdom of Berghouattas of name of a heterodox sect that dominated the whole region of Chaouia, before being taken by the Almohad dynasty in 1188.
It is unclear which of the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans and Berbers, founded Anfa but it played an important role in Moroccan history in the late seventh century to century and early eighth.
Sub Dynasty Merinids port thrives on trade relations with the Iberian peninsula, but the decline in the power of Fes leads Anfa residents to become independent and to increase piracy raids on the Portuguese coast.
During the twelfth century, the name of Anfa back very often. Anfa between truth in history in the fifteenth century, in the year 1469, and it is for his sacking, his fire and its destruction by the Portuguese.
The Portuguese, in 1469, decided to attack the city with 50 ships and 10,000 men. The inhabitants of Anfa, not being able to defend the city, the desert finally to repatriate about Rabat and Salé. The city was destroyed, will remain uninhabited for three centuries.
Privateers Anfa were attacked in 1469 by a powerful fleet commanded by Ferdinand of Portugal.
At this spectacle of death, Leo Africanus says he could not restrain his tears: nothing remained of the city "very civilized and prosperous because its territory was excellent for all kinds of cereals. In truth, it was the most beautiful spot in all of Africa. " But residents were arming Anfa in their small port "of fustes with which they committed great havoc in the peninsula of Cadiz and the coast of Portugal."
is why the king of Portugal decides to take revenge, and thus the Infante Dom Fernando, a strong fleet of fifty ships and a powerful artillery, landed and shaves Anfa. The city, says Leo Africanus, was "in such a state there was no hope that it will ever be inhabited again." This prophecy, ultimately, was not realized.
The city suffered another Portuguese attack in 1515. Sixty years later, the Portuguese settled in the old walled city that was rebuilt and named Casa Blanca. Relentless attacks from neighboring tribes and the ravages caused by the terrible earthquake of 1755 forced the Portuguese to withdraw from Casablanca. During
the reign of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (1757-1790) it was inhabited by the Berber ... The city was rebuilt and fortified. It was then called Dar el Beida, name the Spaniards turned into Casablanca.
In 1770, Sultan Mohammed Ben Abdallah, who had lost when the city of Mazagan (El Jadida), decides to rebuild this place to preserve the landing of a Portuguese. The city is called "Dar El Beida (white house) or casa blanca (English). At the outset, the Sultan dowry of a mosque, a madrasah and a steam room.
the eighteenth century, the city became an important mall. In the mid-nineteenth century, the role of trade, the city grew and in 1862 a regular service between Marseille and Morocco was established. But it remains a small village until the mid-nineteenth century.
From the nineteenth century, the city is growing thanks to increasing the textile industry, and Casablanca became one of the largest suppliers of wool in the Mediterranean basin. In 1860 the city had 4,000 inhabitants for 9000 inhabitants in the late 1880s. The city decides to build a modern port, helped by France, and Tanger dethroning as the first Moroccan port soon 1906. The population will be 110,000 in 1921 due largely to the slums.
source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casablanca
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